Visual Symptoms

Visual symptoms are a frequent feature of multiple sclerosis (MS) and can range from mild, occasional disturbances to more noticeable changes that impact daily activities. For many people with MS, vision problems may even be among the earliest signs of the disease. Common symptoms include blurred vision, double vision, pain in or behind the eyes, and changes in colour perception or visual clarity. These symptoms often occur suddenly, sometimes developing over hours or days, and may be linked to underlying inflammation of the optic nerve (optic neuritis) or problems with the nerves that control the movement of the eyes.

While this can be distressing, many episodes of MS-related visual disturbance are temporary and improve over weeks or months—full recovery is common but not guaranteed. MS can also cause more subtle changes, such as vision that worsens with heat or exercise, or a sense of unsteadiness as the eyes track movement. Importantly, not all vision problems in people with MS are caused by MS itself, so any new or changing symptom should be promptly assessed by a medical professional. Early intervention and support can help maximise the chances of recovery and minimise the impact on daily life.

What visual symptoms are common in MS?

Visual problems in MS may include:

  • Blurred vision (in one or both eyes), which may develop over hours or days and sometimes includes eye pain (often from optic neuritis).
  • Double vision (diplopia): Seeing two of the same object, side by side or on top of each other.
  • Movement or instability of vision: The world may look jerky or shaky (nystagmus).
  • Colours appear faded or washed out in one eye.
  • Uhthoff’s phenomenon: Vision gets blurrier during exercise, fevers, or in hot environments—then improves after cooling off.
  • Central blind spot or missing patches (e.g. faces blurred with clear outlines).
  • Flashes of light with eye movement, especially in dim light.
  • Worse sight in bright lights.

These visual changes are usually temporary and improve over weeks or months, though some people may have longer-lasting changes. Not all vision changes are due to MS, so let your healthcare provider know about any new symptoms.

  • Optic neuritis: Inflammation of the optic nerve interrupts signals between the eye and the brain, leading to blurry or painful vision.
  • Brainstem inflammation or lesions Seeing two of the same object, side by side or on top of each other.
  • Heat or exertioncan temporarily disturb nerve function, worsening visual symptoms.
  • Nystagmus: MS can affect the nerves that control eye stability, causing the eyes to move involuntarily, resulting in a shaky image.
  • Contact your GP, MS nurse, or neurologist if you notice blurred vision, double vision, pain, or changes in colour vision—especially if symptoms are new, severe, or persistent.
  • Most vision problems in MS are not emergencies but should be assessed promptly.
  • Your clinician may refer you to an ophthalmologist (eye specialist), and sometimes to a neurologist, for diagnosis and management.
  • Optic neuritis: Often managed with corticosteroids if symptoms are severe or affecting daily activities; most people regain normal or near-normal vision within weeks to months.
  • Double vision: May resolve on its own or be helped by prism glasses, medications, or covering one eye temporarily.
  • Nystagmus and movement/instability: Sometimes managed with medication, but may need tailored strategies to reduce impact.
  • Environmental and practical support: Specialists can recommend changes at home (better lighting, high-contrast labels, screen readers) or refer you to Blind Low Vision NZ if necessary
  • Use lamps that focus light on tasks and minimise glare.
  • Adopt high-contrast labels, utensils, and home organisation systems.
  • Try tactile markings (Velcro dots, textured tape) to identify objects and settings.
  • Use electronic devices with large buttons, voice activation, or screen magnification features.
  • Reorganise shelves and storage so most-used items are easy to find.
  • Mark clothing and shoes for easier matching.

  • For kitchen safety, try long oven mitts, coloured chopping boards, and measuring cups with large, contrasting numbers.

These visual changes are usually temporary and improve over weeks or months, though some people may have longer-lasting changes. Not all vision changes are due to MS, so let your healthcare provider know about any new symptoms.

Looking after yourself

Keep regular appointments with your eye specialist or optometrist, especially if you wore glasses pre-diagnosis.

Ask about local services or support organisations, such as Blind Low Vision NZ, for extra resources or technology training.

Let friends and family know about your vision changes so they can help when needed.

Use electronic devices with large buttons, voice activation, or screen magnification features.

Many people with MS will encounter visual symptoms—sometimes as an early sign, sometimes later on. Most problems are manageable and may improve over time. Don’t hesitate to involve your medical and support team with any new issues. Practical changes at home and work, plus early healthcare engagement, will help maintain confidence and independence.

General Information

Living with visual disturbances can be challenging, but support is available.

Symptom Management